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The English expression deep-fried is attested from the early 20th century;[4] "fried chicken" is from 1832.[5]

Frying food in olive oil is attested in Classical Greece from about the 5th century BCE.[6] The late Roman cookbook of Apicius (c. 400), appears to list the ancient Romans' first use of deep frying to prepare Pullum Frontonianum, a chicken dish.[7] The practice of deep frying spread to other parts of Europe and Arabia in the following centuries. Deep-fried foods such as funnel cakes arrived in northern Europe by the 13th century,[8] and deep-fried fish recipes have been found in cookbooks in Spain and Portugal at around the same time.[9] Falafel arrived in the Middle East from population migrations from Egypt as soon as the 14th century.[10][11][12] The deep frying of food in Japan was likely introduced by Portuguese the 16th century.[13][14] Evidence of potato frying can be found as early as the late 17th century in Europe.[9]

Modern deep frying began in the 19th century with the growing popularity of cast iron, particularly around the American South which led to the development of many modern deep-fried dishes.[13] French fries, invented in the late 18th century, became popular in the early 19th century western Europe.[15] Doughnuts were invented in the mid-19th century,[16] with foods such as onion rings,[17] deep-fried turkey,[18] and corn dogs[19] all being invented in the early 20th century. In recent years, the growth of fast food has expanded the reach of deep-fried foods,[20] especially French fries.